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Real Briefings

Planning Commission

BEL-PLN-2026-04-16 April 16, 2026 Planning Commission Meeting City of Bellingham
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The Bellingham Planning Commission received a comprehensive briefing on the city's implementation of state-mandated interim ordinances for middle housing, accessory dwelling units (ADUs), and design review regulations. Planning Director Blake Lyon led the presentation, providing detailed background on three major state laws from 2023 that required local jurisdictions to adopt new development regulations by December 31, 2025. The informational meeting focused on lessons learned from implementing House Bills 1337 (ADUs), 1110 (middle housing), and 1293 (design review streamlining). The city has been operating under interim ordinances since 2025 to comply with state requirements while gathering data for permanent regulations. Staff reported significant activity, with over 180 ADU permits issued and multiple middle housing projects in development. The presentation covered technical aspects including floor area ratios, building code challenges, fire access requirements, and the integration of middle housing with existing neighborhoods. Commission members engaged in substantive discussion about implementation challenges, particularly regarding fire code requirements for deep lots in the Birchwood neighborhood, design standards for single-family homes, and the complexities of serving multiple units on individual properties. Staff emphasized that the land use regulations represent just the beginning, with building codes, fire codes, financing mechanisms, and property appraisal standards still catching up to accommodate these new housing forms.

No formal votes were taken as this was an informational meeting focused on briefing the Planning Commission on implementation of interim ordinances already adopted by City Council in 20…

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**State Legislative Context:** Lyon explained that Bellingham, as a Tier 1 city with over 75,000 residents, must allow up to four units per lot under HB 1110, with potential for five to six units in transit-adjacent areas or with affordability components. The state requires jurisdictions to accommodate at least six of nine specified housing types, moving from subjective to objective design standards. **Middle Housing Implementation:** The city identified eight middle housing types including cottage housing, townhomes, duplexes, triplexes, fourplexes, small lots, and ADUs. Staff noted that 13% of Bellingham's existing housing stock already represents middle housing forms, with representation in all residential neighborhoods except Western Washington University's campus and the predominantly industrial Irongate area. **Building and Fire Code Challenges:** Significant discussion focused on implementation barriers. Cook explained that while single-family and duplex construction can use the streamlined International Residential Code (IRC), three or more units must follow the International Building Code (IBC), which applies the same requirements to a three-unit building as a 300-unit building. The state building code council is developing a "multiplex" code category but implementation has been delayed. Fire code …
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No public testimony was provided as no community members attended the meeting.…
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**Blake Lyon, on state mandate compliance:** "If local jurisdictions such as ours didn't adopt these development regulations, the state developed a model code and if we didn't do it by the timeline, then the model code would supersede our local development regulations." **Lyon, on existing middle housing:** "We have about 13% of our existing housing stock is in middle housing form as of today. So we have representations in all but two of our neighborhoods already." **Lyon, on affordability c…
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Staff will continue operating under interim ordinances while gathering implementation data and feedback. A permanent Type VI legislative process will be initiated with the Planning Commission to update residential zoning designations, moving from traditional R1, R2 approaches to residential low, medium, and high categories. This process is expected to begin later in 2026 and extend into 2027. The Planning Commission will he…

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The meeting provided Planning Commissioners with comprehensive understanding of how three major state housing laws are being implemented in Bellingham. The briefing established a foundation for upcoming work on permanent residential zoning updates that will replace the current interim ordinance approach. Commission members gained detai…
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# A Technical Deep Dive into Bellingham's Housing Revolution On a pleasant April evening, with sunshine streaming through the windows of City Hall's Council Chambers, the Bellingham Planning Commission convened for what would prove to be an illuminating examination of one of the most significant housing policy transformations in the city's recent history. The April 16, 2026 meeting, called to order by Chair Jed Ballew, was designed as an informational briefing—a chance for commissioners to dive deep into the implementation of state-mandated housing reforms that had reshaped development patterns across Bellingham over the past year. The meeting's purpose was straightforward yet crucial: to understand how interim ordinances addressing middle housing, accessory dwelling units (ADUs), and design review had been working in practice. These weren't abstract policy discussions but real-world examinations of how state legislation had translated into new homes, changed neighborhoods, and created both opportunities and challenges for a city grappling with a housing crisis. With six commissioners present (Jerry Richmond was excused) and no members of the public in attendance, the stage was set for an in-depth technical conversation among the city's planning experts and the volunteer commissioners who help guide Bellingham's growth. ## The Genesis of Change: State Mandates and Local Response Blake Lyon, Director of Planning and Community Development, took the lead in walking commissioners through what he characterized as a "cluster" of interrelated housing reforms. Joining him were key staff members who had been instrumental in crafting and implementing the new regulations: Kurt Nabfeld (Development Services Manager), Chris Cook (Planner II), and Lindsay Kushner (Planner II). These were the subject matter experts who had done the heavy lifting of translating state requirements into workable local code. Lyon began by setting the context—the 2023 legislative session that fundamentally altered how Washington cities must approach housing development. "You may recall in the 2023 legislative session, the state adopted House Bill 1337," Lyon explained, launching into what would be a comprehensive overview of how federal and state housing pressures had cascaded down to local jurisdictions. House Bill 1337 revolutionized accessory dwelling unit regulations. Where once Bellingham allowed only one ADU per lot, the new law required allowing two. The changes went far beyond …
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### Meeting Overview The Bellingham Planning Commission met on April 16, 2026, for an informational presentation on the city's implementation of interim ordinances for middle housing, ADUs, and design review. Blake Lyon, Director of Planning and Community Development, led the briefing with staff experts to share lessons learned from these temporary regulations adopted to comply with state housing laws. ### Key Terms and Concepts **Middle Housing:** Housing types between single-family homes and large apartment buildings, including duplexes, triplexes, fourplexes, townhomes, and cottage clusters. Required by state law to increase housing options. **ADU (Accessory Dwelling Unit):** A smaller housing unit on the same lot as a primary residence. New state law allows up to two ADUs per lot, up to 1,000 square feet each, with no owner-occupancy requirement. **Floor Area Ratio (FAR):** The ratio of total building floor area to lot size. For example, a FAR of 1.0 means you can build 5,000 square feet of floor space on a 5,000 square foot lot across multiple stories. **Interim Ordinance:** Temporary regulations that allow cities to test new rules while developing permanent versions. Bellingham used these to meet state deadlines while learning from real applications. **Objective Design Standards:** Measurable design requirements (like "windows must cover 15% of wall area") rather than subjective ones (like "shall meet general character"). Required by state law to streamline approvals. **Condominiumization:** Converting rental units into separately-owned condominiums. Allowed for ADUs under state law but rarely used due to financing complications. **Tier One City:** Cities with population over 75,000 (Bellingham is the only one in Whatcom County). Must allow up to 4 units per lot, with 5-6 units allowed near transit or for affordable housing. ### Key People at This Meeting | Name | Role / Affili…
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